Afyonkarahisar

Afyonkarahisar's most striking landmark is its ancient citadel, built around 1350 BC on a black volcanic crag rising above the city, with a cluster of mosques gathered at its foot. The city is also one of Turkey's leading spa destinations, with geothermal hotel spas fed by underground heat. Situated at elevation in the mountainous interior of western Turkey, it is further known for marble production and as the world's largest producer of pharmaceutical opium — a trade reflected in its name, which means "black fortress of opium."

• Population251,799
• Nearest water1.5 km
• Nearest mountain9.0 km
• UNESCO within 50 km1