Kandahar

One of Afghanistan's oldest continuously settled cities, Kandahar was founded by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC as Alexandria Arachosia and later served as the first capital of the modern Afghan state under Ahmad Shah Durrani in 1747. Situated between the Arghandab and Tarnak rivers in southern Afghanistan, the city remains the traditional seat of Pashtun power and a major trading centre known for its fruit production, particularly grapes and pomegranates.

• Population523,300
• Nearest water2.4 km
• Nearest mountain5.1 km